spring, vauclusian

spring, vauclusian:    ; rising, vauclusian

   1. A type of rising or spring where direct drainage from the phreas flows up a flooded cave passage under pressure to emerge in daylight. The term is best applied where water rises from a vertical or very steep bedrock passage. Such risings are named after the Fontaine de Vaucluse in southern France. The River Sorgue rises from the Fontaine with a mean flow of 26 cubic meters per second. Its upper part is steeply inclined, but a depth it is vertical. A diver has reached a depth of –200m, and a robot reached –243m, below which the flooded shaft continues [9].

   2. Large karst spring (name by Fournet, after la Sorgue en Vaucluse, France) characterized by a stream surging up as from a siphon. Also applied to karst springs with artesian characteristics [20].

   3. A large spring or exsurgence of an underground river, generally from limestone, that varies greatly in output and is impenetrable except with diving apparatus [10].

   Synonym: (American.) gushing spring; (French.) source vauclusienne, bouillidou ( South of France); (German.) Vauclusequelle, ( Riesenquelle); (Greek.) kephalari/ vauclusiana pighi; (Italian.) sorgente valchiusana; (Russian.) vokljuz; (Spanish.) fuente vauclusiana, ojo, heryidero; (Turkish.) bas2nçcl2 kaynak; (Yugoslavian.) voklisko vrelo, obrh.

   See also gushing spring.

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vauclusian spring — See spring, vauclusian … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
vauclusian rising — See spring, vauclusian … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
spring — 1. Point where underground water emerges on to the surface, not exclusive to limestone, but generally larger in cavernous rocks. The image of a trickle of water springing from a hillside hardly matches that of a vast cave pouring forth a river … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
spring, boiling — 1. An uncommon type of vauclusian spring, where the flow is large enough in a constricted site to form turbulence on the surface of the resurgence pool [9]. 2. (Jamaican.) A. variable discharge artesian spring in which hydrostatic pressure… … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
gushing spring — See spring, vauclusian … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
ojo, ojo de agua — (Spanish.) An artesian spring in limestone regions, especially one forming a small pond; a vauclusian spring [10] … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
rising — 1. The resurgence of an underground watercourse, usually at the base margin of the calcareous massif, although in the instance of a blind valley the rising has eroded headwards for some distance. Each rising accounts for the collective… … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology

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